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Health trends in England presents information about the health of people in England and how it has changed over time. Topics presented include risk factors, disease prevalence and outcomes. Data is presented for the whole of England and its regions. Find out more about Health trends in England.

This overview page presents a headline indicator for each topic. Click through to see more detailed information on each topic.

Life expectancy

Life expectancy at birth, male

Years, London, male, all ages

The line chart shows the average number of years a male would expect to live based on contemporary mortality rates. For males, the life expectancy in London increased from 75.7 years in 2001 to 80.3 years in 2022.

See more life expectancy data

Life expectancy

Life expectancy at birth, female

Years, London, female, all ages

The line chart shows the average number of years a female would expect to live based on contemporary mortality rates. For females, the life expectancy in London increased from 80.7 years in 2001 to 84.4 years in 2022.

See more life expectancy data

Best start in life

Children achieving a good level of development at 2 years

Proportion, London, persons, 2-2.5 years

The line chart shows the percentage of children who were at least at the expected level in all Ages and Stages Questionnaire domains at 2 to 2½ years. The proportion in London decreased from 84.4% in the financial year ending 2018 to 74.7% in the financial year ending 2024.

See more best start in life data

Smoking

Adult smoking prevalence

Proportion, London, persons, 18+ years

The line chart shows the percentage of people aged 18 or over who smoke. The proportion in London decreased from 19.2% in 2011 to 11.7% in 2023.

See more smoking data

Obesity

Obesity in year 6 children

Proportion, London, persons, 10-11 years

The line chart shows the percentage of children aged 10-11 years classified as living with obesity. The proportion in London increased from 21.6% in the financial year ending 2008 to 24.0% in the financial year ending 2024.

See more obesity data

Alcohol

Hospital admissions for alcohol-related conditions

Directly standardised rate per 100,000, London, persons, all ages

The line chart shows the rate of hospital admissions for alcohol-related conditions. The directly standardised rate in London increased from 406 per 100,000 in the financial year ending 2017 to 420 per 100,000 in the financial year ending 2023.

See more alcohol data

Cardiovascular disease

Deaths from cardiovascular disease considered preventable, ages under 75

Directly standardised rate per 100,000, London, persons, <75 years

The line chart shows the rate of deaths from cardiovascular disease considered preventable for people aged under 75. The directly standardised rate in London decreased from 65.5 per 100,000 in 2001 to 29.8 per 100,000 in 2023.

See more cardiovascular disease data

Respiratory disease

Deaths from respiratory disease considered preventable, ages under 75

Directly standardised rate per 100,000, London, persons, <75 years

The line chart shows the rate of deaths from respiratory disease considered preventable for people aged under 75. The directly standardised rate in London decreased from 23.0 per 100,000 in 2001 to 16.4 per 100,000 in 2023.

See more respiratory disease data

Cancer

Deaths from cancer considered preventable, ages under 75

Directly standardised rate per 100,000, London, persons, <75 years

The line chart shows the rate of deaths from cancer considered preventable for people aged under 75. The directly standardised rate in London decreased from 72.4 per 100,000 in 2001 to 42.1 per 100,000 in 2023.

See more cancer data

Musculoskeletal health

Long term musculoskeletal problems prevalence

Proportion, London, persons, 16+ years

The line chart shows the percentage of people aged 16 and over who report long-term arthritis or ongoing problem with back or joints. The proportion in London decreased from 14.2% in 2018 to 13.4% in 2023.

See more musculoskeletal health data

Mental health and wellbeing

High anxiety prevalence

Proportion, London, persons, 16+ years

The line chart shows the percentage of people reporting high levels of anxiety. The proportion in London changed from 23.9% in the financial year ending 2012 to 23.7% in the financial year ending 2023.

See more mental health and wellbeing data

Wider determinants of health

Economic inactivity

Proportion, London, persons, 16-64 years

The line chart shows the percentage of people aged 16 to 64 who are economically inactive (neither in employment nor unemployed). The proportion in London decreased from 25.5% in the financial year ending 2012 to 21.4% in the financial year ending 2024.

See more wider determinants of health data